狗狗智商排名！！！

据美国哥伦比亚大学心理学教授STANLEY COREN结合208位各地驯狗专家，63名小型动物兽医师，及14名研究警戒犬与护卫狗的专家对各著名犬种进行深入访谈观察，并在Vancouver Dog Obedience Club提供的大量相当有价值的资料下，填写了一份非常复杂庞大的问卷，对犬只的工作服从性和智商进行了排名，现排行名次公布如下：

 

1.边境牧羊犬
2.贵宾犬
3.德国牧羊犬
4.金毛猎犬
5.杜宾犬
6.喜乐蒂犬(谢德兰牧羊犬)
7.拉布拉多猎犬
8.蝴蝶犬
9.洛威拿
10.澳洲牧牛犬

 

11.威尔斯科基犬
12.迷你型雪纳瑞
13.英国跳猎犬
14.比利时特弗伦犬
15.史其派克犬/比利史牧羊犬
16.苏格兰牧羊犬
17.德国短毛指示犬
18.英国可卡/标准型雪纳瑞
19.布列塔尼猎犬
20.美国可卡
21.威玛猎犬
22.伯恩山犬
23.松鼠犬
24.爱尔兰水猎犬
25.维兹拉犬
26.卡狄肯威尔斯科基犬

 

27.切萨皮克湾拾列犬/波利犬/约克夏埂
28.巨型雪纳瑞
29.万能埂
30.伯瑞犬
31.威尔斯跳猎犬
32.曼彻斯特埂
33.萨莫耶犬
34.纽芬兰狗/澳洲埂/美国斯塔福郡埂/戈登蹲猎犬/长须牧羊犬
35.凯恩埂/凯利蓝埂/爱尔兰埂
36.挪威猎糜犬
37.猴面埂/丝毛埂/迷你品犬/法老王猎犬/克伦伯长毛垂耳猎犬
38.洛威埂
39.斑点狗

 

40.贝林顿埂
41.爱尔兰猎狼犬
42.库瓦兹犬
43.萨路基猎犬
44.骑士查里王猎犬/德国刚毛指示犬
45.西伯利亚雪撬犬/比熊犬
46.藏獒/灵堤/英国猎狐犬/美国猎狐犬/格里芬犬
47.西高地白埂
48.拳师狗/大丹狗
49.腊肠狗
50.阿拉斯加雪撬犬
51.沙皮狗
52.罗德西亚背脊犬
53.爱尔兰埂
54.波斯顿埂/秋田狗

 

55.斯凯埂
56.西里罕埂
57.巴哥犬
58.法国斗牛犬
59.马尔济斯犬
60.意大利灵堤
61.中国冠毛犬
62.丹地丁蒙埂/西藏埂
63.英国老式牧羊犬
64.比利牛斯山犬
65.苏格兰埂/圣伯纳犬
66.牛头埂
67.吉娃娃
68.拉萨犬
69.斗牛獒犬

 

70.西施犬
71.巴吉度猎犬
72.獒犬/比高犬
73.北京犬
74.血堤
75.苏俄牧羊犬
76.松狮犬
77.老虎狗
78.见生吉犬
79.阿富汗猎犬

 

    排名1-10的狗，大部分听到新指令5次，就会了解其涵义并轻易记住，主人下达时，它们遵守的几率高于95％，此外，即使主人位于远处，它们也会在听到指令后几秒种内就有反应。即使训练它们的人经验不足，它们也可以学习得很好。

 

   排名11-26的狗，似乎要学习5-15次才能学会简单指令，它们遵守第一次指令的几率是85％，对于稍微复杂的指令有时候反应会稍微迟缓一些，但只要勤加练习就能消除这种延缓状况。当主人离它们较远时，它们的反应有可能也稍微迟缓一些，不过，即使训练人员经验稍微不足，还是有办法将这些狗调教得很优秀。

 

    排名27-39是属于中上程度的狗，重复了15次指令后才会表现出似懂非懂的反应，需要很多额外练习，尤其在初级阶段。它们对第一次指令作出的回应几率是90％，表现的优劣取决于练习时间的多寡。整体来说，表现与排名较前的狗一样好，只是动作没那么平顺连贯，而且反应时间也稍微慢半拍，如果主人站得稍远，它们可能不会回应主人的指令，如果训练者缺乏经验，或过于严厉或没耐心，这些狗的表现就会很差。

 

   排名40-54的狗是智商与服从中等程度的狗，在学习过程中，会在练习15-20次之后才对任务基本了解，若想得到令人满意的表现，可能需要25-40次的练习，如果没有练习，可能会忘记曾经学过的动作。它们回应第一次指令的几率是50％，但先决条件是必须先重复训练。如果主人站得很近，它们的表现回较好，如果与主人距离增加，狗的表现就会较差。较高明的训练人员可以把这些狗调教得和聪明狗一样好，但经验不足的人，或缺乏耐心者，可能拿这些狗没办法。

 

    排名55-69的狗，要使指令达到完美表现，可能需要40-80次的练习。即使经过这么多练习，还是无法成为永久习惯，如果练习中断了一阵子，它们表现出来的就像是从来没有学过这些动作，经过练习后，狗的回应第一次指令的几率是30％。大部分时候，这些狗都很容易分心，而且只在它觉得高兴的时候才会执行主人的指令，如果主人站得离狗稍远，就必须花很多时间对它们大叫，因为它们很可能相应不理。通常这些狗被评价为“独立，冷漠”等等。有经验的驯狗者，只要肯花很多时间，对狗投注坚定而慈祥的关注，就可以使这些狗对指令产生立即反应，不过它们的表现充其量也只不过是差强人意而已。

 

   排名70-79的狗，要让它们记住指令，通常要练习上百次学会后必须多加练习，否则它们会忘得像没学过这个动作一样，即使习惯养成了，它们还是没办法每次都回应主人的指令，第一次回应的几率是25％，有时候它们会把头偏离主人，像是故意不理会主人，或是故意挑战主人的权威。当它们回应指令时，行动通常缓慢不确定，或心不甘情不愿。有些狗必须戴上项圈才听话，一脱下项圈就无法无天了。普通训练人员可能控制不了这些狗的表现。 PS：我家的排第四！快看下面的图片！

      1. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.
      依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。

　   2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.
　　最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。

　　3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.
　　没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。

　　4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.
　　人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。

　　5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.
　　越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。

　　6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.
　　说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。
7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a persons physical fitness.
　　许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。

　　8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful
effects of international tourism.
　　应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量，努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。

　　9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.
　　越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而，越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法，他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题，像犯罪和卖淫。

　　10. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.
　　许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少，以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车，而车上可能已满载乘客。

　　11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.
　　无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。

　　12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.
　　一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。

　　13. A proper part-time job does not occupy students too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
　　一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间，事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。

　　14. Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.
　　任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

　　15.Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.
　　当前，一提到即将开始的学校生活，许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而，对多数年轻人来说，校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。

　　16. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.
　　考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。

　　17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.
　　大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。

　　18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.
　　无可争辩，现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。

　　19. Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.
　　尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。

　　20. No one can deny the fact that a persons education is the most important aspect of his life.
　　没有人能否认：教育是人生最重要的一方面。

　　21. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.
　　人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。

　　22. In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.
　　在过去的几十年，先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。

　　23. In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.
　　事实上，我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。

　　24. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
　　我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。

　　25. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.
　　人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会。

　　26. The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.
　　从这几年我搜集的信息来看，这些知识并没有人们想象的那么有用。

　　27. Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.
　　现在，人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知识。

　　28. This is a matter of life and death--a matter no country can afford to ignore.
　　这是一个关系到生死的问题，任何国家都不能忽视。

　　29. For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:
　　我同意后者，有如下理由：

　　30. Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.
　　在给出我的观点之前，我想看看双方的观点是重要的。

　　31. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.
　　这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。

　　32. Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information Ive collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.
　　尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展，用自行车的人数会减少，自行车可能会消亡， 然而，这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。

　　33. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.
　　环境学家指出：持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题，而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。

　　34. In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.
　　考虑到这些严重的状况，我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。

　　35. Using bicycle contributes greatly to peoples physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.
　　使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康，并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。

　　36. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.
　　尽管自行车有许多明显的优点，但是它也存在它的问题。

　　37. Bicycle cant be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.
　　在速度和舒适度方面，自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。

　　38. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.
　　通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：自行车的优点远大于缺点，并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。

　　39. There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.
　　当前在高校和研究机构对教育存在着大量争论，其中一个问题就是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。

　　40. This issue has caused wide public concern.
　　这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。

　　41. It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.
　　必须指出学习只能靠自己。

　　42. A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a persons education is a most important aspect of his life.
　　许多人存在这样的误解，认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然，他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基本事实。

　　43. As for me, Im in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons:
　　就我而言，我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点，有以下原因：

　　44. It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.
　　人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。

　　45. Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.
　　即使最优秀的毕业生，要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。

　　46. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.
　　人们普遍认为我们的现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化，近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。

　　47. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.
　　现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。

　　48. An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.
　　一项调查显示许多老人都有到大学继续学习的愿望。

　　49. For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.
　　对大多数人来讲，退休以后，阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。

　　50. For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.
　　对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说，找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的，正如那句老话：活到老，学到老。

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